A dedicated ministry and financial and technical institutions have helped India promote renewable energy and diversify its energy mix. The country is committed to expanding the use of clean energy sources and has already undertaken several large-scale renewable energy projects to ensure massive growth of green energy. The growing economic growth of developing countries in recent decades has led to an accelerated increase in energy consumption. A forecast of future energy consumption is essential for examining appropriate environmental and economic policies. Similarly, a perspective on future energy consumption helps determine future investments in renewable energy.
Although produced by natural processes, these processes are too slow to replenish these fuels as quickly as humans use them, so these resources will sooner or later be depleted. On 28 January 2016, the revised tariff policy was notified in response to the Electricity Act. This policy supports the replacement of outdated wind turbines with more modern and powerful units to increase the level of electricity generation. This policy aims to create a simplified framework and promote the optimal use of wind energy sources. It is mandatory because wind turbines installed until 2000 were below 500 kW in locations where high wind potential could be achieved. It will be possible to get 3000 MW from the same site once the replacements are in place.
Table 33 shows the global use of renewable energy in the relevant technology industries. As in previous years, China maintained the most remarkable number of working people, an estimated 43% of the world total shown in Fig. In India, new solar installations reached a record 9.6 GW in 2017, efficiently increasing the total installed capacity. Employment tech for good in solar photovoltaics improved by 36% and reached 164,400 jobs, of which 92,400 represented use on the grid. IRENA finds that the building and facility covered 46% of these tasks, with operations and maintenance (O&M) individually accounting for 35% and 19%. India does not produce solar PV because it can be imported from China, which is cheap.
The government should improve regulation by making obligations under power purchase agreements legally binding to ensure that all energy disrams have PPAs to cover one hundred percent of their RPO obligation. To achieve a reliable system, it is highly recommended that renewable energy sources should be used in a hybrid configuration of two or more sources, along with conventional source and storage devices. Regulatory authorities should formulate the necessary rules and regulations for hybrid systems. Enabling investment economically with effective policies and tax incentives will lead to social benefits that go beyond economic benefits. Some of them are inherent in all renewable technology; others are the result of a biased regulatory structure and market.
The environmental benefits of renewable energy, including lower carbon emissions and reduced air pollution, have been widely known for decades. However, its numerous socio-economic benefits have only become apparent in recent decades, as the deployment of renewable energy technologies has become widespread. Renewable energy systems depend on natural resources such as sunlight, wind and water, and therefore their electricity generation can be as unpredictable as the weather. Solar panels lose efficiency on cloudy days, wind turbines are ineffective in calm climates, and hydroelectric systems need constant snow and rain to maintain reliable production. Fortunately, renewables, such as solar panels and wind turbines, have continued to fall in costs due to growing economies of scale, improved production and the popularity of renewable energy certificates. Perhaps the most important advantage of renewable energy is that no greenhouse gases or other pollutants arise during the process.
With the technology to harvest it, there is an unlimited supply of solar energy, which means it can make fossil fuels obsolete. Relying on solar energy instead of fossil fuels also helps us to improve public health and environmental conditions. In the long run, solar energy can also eliminate energy costs and reduce your energy bill in the short term. Many local, state and federal governments also incentivize solar energy investments by providing rebates or tax credits. India cares about the planet and has embarked on an innovative journey in renewable energy over the past 4 years.
The lack of consistent data on the potential employment impacts of renewable energy expansion makes it particularly difficult to assess the number of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled staff that might be needed. As of December 31, 2018, India’s total installed capacity was 35,138.15 MW, compared to a target of 60 GW by 2022. India is currently in fourth position in the world for installed wind energy capacity. In addition, approximately 9.4 GW of capacity has been tendered or is currently in progress. The country’s gross wind energy potential now reaches 302 GW at 100 m above ground level. The administration of the tariffs has changed from the feed-in rate to the bidding method for adding capacity.
It is possible to produce electricity from renewable energy sources without producing carbon dioxide, the main cause of global climate change. The state government, the central government and private actors power the Indian energy sector. Table 9 shows the installed gross renewable energy and conventional energy capacity, in terms of ownership. 2 shows that 95% of the installed renewable capacity comes from private companies, 2% from the central government and 3% from the state government. The main private companies in the field of unconventional power generation are Tata Power Solar, Suzlon and ReNew Power.